Optimal. Leaf size=166 \[ -\frac {\left (6 a^2 c^2-6 a b^2 c+b^4\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{c^3 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {x^2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{c^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}-\frac {b x^4}{2 c \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {b \log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{2 c^3} \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.22, antiderivative size = 166, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 8, integrand size = 20, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.400, Rules used = {1585, 1114, 738, 800, 634, 618, 206, 628} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\left (6 a^2 c^2-6 a b^2 c+b^4\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{c^3 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {x^2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{c^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {b x^4}{2 c \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}-\frac {b \log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{2 c^3} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 206
Rule 618
Rule 628
Rule 634
Rule 738
Rule 800
Rule 1114
Rule 1585
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^{11}}{\left (a x+b x^3+c x^5\right )^2} \, dx &=\int \frac {x^9}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx\\ &=\frac {1}{2} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^4}{\left (a+b x+c x^2\right )^2} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2 (6 a+2 b x)}{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\\ &=\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \left (-\frac {2 \left (b^2-3 a c\right )}{c^2}+\frac {2 b x}{c}+\frac {2 \left (a \left (b^2-3 a c\right )+b \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) x\right )}{c^2 \left (a+b x+c x^2\right )}\right ) \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\\ &=\frac {\left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x^2}{c^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}-\frac {b x^4}{2 c \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {a \left (b^2-3 a c\right )+b \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) x}{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{c^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\\ &=\frac {\left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x^2}{c^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}-\frac {b x^4}{2 c \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {b \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {b+2 c x}{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 c^3}+\frac {\left (b^4-6 a b^2 c+6 a^2 c^2\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a+b x+c x^2} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{2 c^3 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\\ &=\frac {\left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x^2}{c^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}-\frac {b x^4}{2 c \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {b \log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{2 c^3}-\frac {\left (b^4-6 a b^2 c+6 a^2 c^2\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{b^2-4 a c-x^2} \, dx,x,b+2 c x^2\right )}{c^3 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\\ &=\frac {\left (b^2-3 a c\right ) x^2}{c^2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}-\frac {b x^4}{2 c \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {x^6 \left (2 a+b x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {\left (b^4-6 a b^2 c+6 a^2 c^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{c^3 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}}-\frac {b \log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}{2 c^3}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A] time = 0.19, size = 151, normalized size = 0.91 \begin {gather*} \frac {-\frac {2 \left (6 a^2 c^2-6 a b^2 c+b^4\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 c x^2}{\sqrt {4 a c-b^2}}\right )}{\left (4 a c-b^2\right )^{3/2}}+\frac {a^2 c \left (3 b-2 c x^2\right )-a b^2 \left (b-4 c x^2\right )+b^4 \left (-x^2\right )}{\left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-b \log \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )+c x^2}{2 c^3} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^{11}}{\left (a x+b x^3+c x^5\right )^2} \, dx \end {gather*}
Verification is not applicable to the result.
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fricas [B] time = 1.39, size = 868, normalized size = 5.23 \begin {gather*} \left [\frac {{\left (b^{4} c^{2} - 8 \, a b^{2} c^{3} + 16 \, a^{2} c^{4}\right )} x^{6} - a b^{5} + 7 \, a^{2} b^{3} c - 12 \, a^{3} b c^{2} + {\left (b^{5} c - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{3}\right )} x^{4} - {\left (b^{6} - 9 \, a b^{4} c + 26 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} - 24 \, a^{3} c^{3}\right )} x^{2} - {\left (a b^{4} - 6 \, a^{2} b^{2} c + 6 \, a^{3} c^{2} + {\left (b^{4} c - 6 \, a b^{2} c^{2} + 6 \, a^{2} c^{3}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (b^{5} - 6 \, a b^{3} c + 6 \, a^{2} b c^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} \log \left (\frac {2 \, c^{2} x^{4} + 2 \, b c x^{2} + b^{2} - 2 \, a c + {\left (2 \, c x^{2} + b\right )} \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}}{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}\right ) - {\left (a b^{5} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{3} c + 16 \, a^{3} b c^{2} + {\left (b^{5} c - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{3}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (b^{6} - 8 \, a b^{4} c + 16 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \log \left (c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a\right )}{2 \, {\left (a b^{4} c^{3} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{4} + 16 \, a^{3} c^{5} + {\left (b^{4} c^{4} - 8 \, a b^{2} c^{5} + 16 \, a^{2} c^{6}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (b^{5} c^{3} - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{4} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{5}\right )} x^{2}\right )}}, \frac {{\left (b^{4} c^{2} - 8 \, a b^{2} c^{3} + 16 \, a^{2} c^{4}\right )} x^{6} - a b^{5} + 7 \, a^{2} b^{3} c - 12 \, a^{3} b c^{2} + {\left (b^{5} c - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{3}\right )} x^{4} - {\left (b^{6} - 9 \, a b^{4} c + 26 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} - 24 \, a^{3} c^{3}\right )} x^{2} - 2 \, {\left (a b^{4} - 6 \, a^{2} b^{2} c + 6 \, a^{3} c^{2} + {\left (b^{4} c - 6 \, a b^{2} c^{2} + 6 \, a^{2} c^{3}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (b^{5} - 6 \, a b^{3} c + 6 \, a^{2} b c^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} \arctan \left (-\frac {{\left (2 \, c x^{2} + b\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}\right ) - {\left (a b^{5} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{3} c + 16 \, a^{3} b c^{2} + {\left (b^{5} c - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{2} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{3}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (b^{6} - 8 \, a b^{4} c + 16 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}\right )} x^{2}\right )} \log \left (c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a\right )}{2 \, {\left (a b^{4} c^{3} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{4} + 16 \, a^{3} c^{5} + {\left (b^{4} c^{4} - 8 \, a b^{2} c^{5} + 16 \, a^{2} c^{6}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (b^{5} c^{3} - 8 \, a b^{3} c^{4} + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{5}\right )} x^{2}\right )}}\right ] \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [A] time = 1.98, size = 161, normalized size = 0.97 \begin {gather*} \frac {{\left (b^{4} - 6 \, a b^{2} c + 6 \, a^{2} c^{2}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, c x^{2} + b}{\sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}\right )}{{\left (b^{2} c^{3} - 4 \, a c^{4}\right )} \sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}} + \frac {x^{2}}{2 \, c^{2}} + \frac {b^{3} x^{4} - 4 \, a b c x^{4} - 2 \, a^{2} c x^{2} - a^{2} b}{2 \, {\left (c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a\right )} {\left (b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}\right )}} - \frac {b \log \left (c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a\right )}{2 \, c^{3}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [B] time = 0.01, size = 383, normalized size = 2.31 \begin {gather*} \frac {a^{2} x^{2}}{\left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right ) \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) c}-\frac {2 a \,b^{2} x^{2}}{\left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right ) \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) c^{2}}+\frac {b^{4} x^{2}}{2 \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right ) \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) c^{3}}-\frac {6 a^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {2 c \,x^{2}+b}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}}\right )}{\left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} c}+\frac {6 a \,b^{2} \arctan \left (\frac {2 c \,x^{2}+b}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}}\right )}{\left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} c^{2}}-\frac {b^{4} \arctan \left (\frac {2 c \,x^{2}+b}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}}\right )}{\left (4 a c -b^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} c^{3}}-\frac {3 a^{2} b}{2 \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right ) \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) c^{2}}+\frac {a \,b^{3}}{2 \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right ) \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) c^{3}}-\frac {2 a b \ln \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right )}{\left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) c^{2}}+\frac {b^{3} \ln \left (c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a \right )}{2 \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) c^{3}}+\frac {x^{2}}{2 c^{2}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} -\frac {a b^{3} - 3 \, a^{2} b c + {\left (b^{4} - 4 \, a b^{2} c + 2 \, a^{2} c^{2}\right )} x^{2}}{2 \, {\left (a b^{2} c^{3} - 4 \, a^{2} c^{4} + {\left (b^{2} c^{4} - 4 \, a c^{5}\right )} x^{4} + {\left (b^{3} c^{3} - 4 \, a b c^{4}\right )} x^{2}\right )}} + \frac {x^{2}}{2 \, c^{2}} + \frac {-2 \, \int \frac {{\left (b^{3} - 4 \, a b c\right )} x^{3} + {\left (a b^{2} - 3 \, a^{2} c\right )} x}{c x^{4} + b x^{2} + a}\,{d x}}{b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [B] time = 0.53, size = 1473, normalized size = 8.87
result too large to display
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [B] time = 112.28, size = 877, normalized size = 5.28 \begin {gather*} \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} - \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right ) \log {\left (x^{2} + \frac {- 5 a^{2} b c - 16 a^{2} c^{4} \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} - \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right ) + a b^{3} + 8 a b^{2} c^{3} \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} - \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right ) - b^{4} c^{2} \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} - \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right )}{6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}} \right )} + \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} + \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right ) \log {\left (x^{2} + \frac {- 5 a^{2} b c - 16 a^{2} c^{4} \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} + \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right ) + a b^{3} + 8 a b^{2} c^{3} \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} + \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right ) - b^{4} c^{2} \left (- \frac {b}{2 c^{3}} + \frac {\sqrt {- \left (4 a c - b^{2}\right )^{3}} \left (6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{2 c^{3} \left (64 a^{3} c^{3} - 48 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 12 a b^{4} c - b^{6}\right )}\right )}{6 a^{2} c^{2} - 6 a b^{2} c + b^{4}} \right )} + \frac {- 3 a^{2} b c + a b^{3} + x^{2} \left (2 a^{2} c^{2} - 4 a b^{2} c + b^{4}\right )}{8 a^{2} c^{4} - 2 a b^{2} c^{3} + x^{4} \left (8 a c^{5} - 2 b^{2} c^{4}\right ) + x^{2} \left (8 a b c^{4} - 2 b^{3} c^{3}\right )} + \frac {x^{2}}{2 c^{2}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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